修复Nginx反代飞牛相册卡顿、视频无法加载

问题分析

最近在使用飞牛的时候遇到了一个很奇怪的问题，通过域名可以正常进入飞牛首页，文件管理也正常，但是一旦访问飞牛相册，只有一开始加载正常，稍微刷一下瀑布流加载就会卡住，F12 打开控制台发现很多请求卡在了Pending。

一开始以为是服务器性能跟不上，预览图没来得及生成，但是想了想也不对，普通的相册列表请求不应该卡成这个样子，于是我绕过 Nginx 通过 Tailscale 直接访问飞牛，这时候相册加载就是正常的，同时我发现飞牛相册的请求量非常大，那么既然直接访问没问题，那问题就出在公网服务器上的反代配置了。

下面是博主简化后的网络架构。

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解决问题

解决相册加载卡顿

Nginx 在进行反向代理时，默认使用HTTP/1.0协议连接后端服务器，并发送Connection: close头。这意味着 Nginx 与 NAS 之间无法复用 TCP 连接，导致大量 TIME_WAIT 状态和握手开销。不仅仅是浏览器端的限制，Nginx 到后端也是瓶颈。

解决办法：

1. 清空Connection头，强制长连接

   map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
    default upgrade; # 如果是 WebSocket 请求，Connection 值为 upgrade
    ''      '';      # 如果是普通请求，Connection 值为空（保留 HTTP/1.1 默认的 keep-alive）
   }

2. 设置长连接池

   upstream backend {
    # 替换为你的飞牛 IP:端口
    server 192.168.x.x:5666;
   
    # 核心配置：保持与后端的长连接数量，减少 TCP 握手开销
    keepalive 64;
   }

3. 在反代中添加配置

   location / {
    proxy_pass http://backend;
   
    # 强制使用 HTTP/1.1 并清除 Connection 头，从而激活长连接
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
   
    # 优化：上传/下载不启用 Nginx 缓冲，直接转发数据
    proxy_request_buffering off;
    proxy_buffering off;
   }

按照以上设置即可解决Nginx反代飞牛相册后瀑布流加载卡住的问题。

解决视频无法加载

视频播放卡住无法点播通常是忘记了配置 Nginx 当中的Range。如果反代不传递Range，后端会发送整个文件，反代服务器会尝试把整个文件缓存下来再发给客户端，这就会导致看起来无法加载。

[!TIP]
Nginx中的Range（范围）请求是HTTP协议允许客户端（如浏览器、下载器）指定只获取文件的一部分内容，主要用于实现断点续传、多线程下载、视频流媒体、实现视频播放进度条等功能；当服务器支持Range请求时，会在响应头中包含Accept-Ranges:bytes，Nginx通过处理客户端的Range头部来发送指定字节范围数据，并返回206 Partial Content状态码。

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